Wire Cutting Tools & Their Types

Wire cutters are essential tools used to precisely cut through wires made of various metals, including copper, brass, iron, aluminum, and steel. While some are simple handheld tools, others are designed for use with power tools. Many wire cutters have insulated handles, which are a key safety feature for electrical work.

Understanding Wire Cutting Tools

A wire cutting tool, often referred to as a cutter or pliers, functions like a pair of scissors. It has two levers joined at a central point, or fulcrum, but instead of blades, it has sharp jaws designed for cutting. They are different from other pliers used for gripping.

A common type is the diagonal cutter (or diagonal cutting pliers), which has intersecting jaws that cut wires at an angle. They are also known as flush cutters because they can slice a wire very close to its base, leaving a flat, flush tip instead of a pointed one.

Types of Wire Cutters (Pliers)

Pliers are versatile hand-cutting tools available in many forms for a variety of tasks, including gripping, bending, and cutting.

1. Side Cutting Pliers

These are versatile, all-purpose tools used in electrical, communications, and construction work for cutting wires and smaller components.

2. Long Nose Pliers

Known for their long, narrow jaws, they are ideal for gripping small objects, reaching into tight spaces, and bending or looping wires.

3. Diagonal Cutting Pliers

This is the most common type of wire-cutting tool. They are best for cutting and stripping wires, as well as cutting small nails and other fasteners close to a surface.

4. Flat Nose Pliers

Flat Nose Pliers are a versatile tool with flat, smooth jaws designed for precision work. They excel at gripping, bending, and shaping wires and other small components in electronics and jewelry making.

5. Slip Joint Pliers

Slip joint pliers are versatile, adjustable pliers that you can use for gripping and turning a variety of objects, like nuts and bolts. The pivot point can be "slipped" into two different positions, allowing you to easily change the size of the jaw opening.

6. End Cutting Pliers

These pliers are designed with cutting jaws at the very end of the tool, making them perfect for cutting wires, nails, or rivets flush against a surface.

Tips for Using Wire Cutting Tools

To ensure safety and get the best results, always follow these best practices when using wire cutters:

• Wear Safety Gear: Always wear safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes from flying debris or pieces of wire.
• Cut at Right Angles: Make a clean, straight cut. Do not rock the cutters or bend the wire, which could dull or break your tool.
• Choose the Right Tool: Select a tool with an appropriate jaw span (6-9 cm) to prevent your hand or fingers from being pinched.
• Keep Tools Sharp and Clean: A sharp tool is a safe tool. By regularly sharpening and cleaning your cutting edges, you'll work more efficiently and reduce the risk of accidents. Regularly oil the hinge of your pliers to keep them operating smoothly.

Read More: Wire Cup Brush vs Wire Wheel

Things to Avoid While Using Wire Cutters

Pliers are versatile tools, but they have specific limitations. To prevent damage to both the tool and your work, avoid using it on hardened materials such as nuts, bolts, or high-tensile wire. Instead, use tools explicitly designed for these applications.

Pliers should also never be used as a striking tool, whether as a hammer or to cut by impact. When bending stiff wire, select a robust pair of pliers. Lighter-duty pliers, like needle-nose types, are not designed for this stress and can be easily damaged. Lastly, always be aware that comfort-grip handles do not provide electrical insulation.